Principles of Comparative Politics (UCLA Custom Edition)

Principles of Comparative Politics - UCLA Custom Edition......Page 1
Contents......Page 4
Institutional Veto Players......Page 8
FEDERALISM......Page 9
Federalism: Federalism in Structure......Page 10
Decentralization: Federalism in Practice......Page 17
Why Federalism?......Page 21
BICAMERALISM......Page 25
Types of Bicameralism......Page 27
Why Bicameralism......Page 35
CONSTITUTIONALISM......Page 39
The Shift to a New Constitutionalism......Page 40
Different Systems of Constitutional Justice......Page 47
VETO PLAYERS......Page 53
CONCLUSION......Page 60
PROBLEMS......Page 62
CHAPTER 14: References......Page 80
Does Democracy Makea Difference?......Page 88
The Effect of Democracy on Economic Growth......Page 90
Empirical Evidence of the Effect of Democracy on Government Performance......Page 105
SELECTORATE THEORY......Page 108
Institutions......Page 109
Mapping W and S onto a Typology of Regimes......Page 112
Government Performance......Page 114
CONCLUSION......Page 126
PROBLEMS......Page 127
CHAPTER 9: References......Page 131
Photo Credits......Page 134
Parliamentary, Presidential, and Mixed Democracies......Page 138
CLASSIFYING PARLIAMENTARY, PRESIDENTIAL, AND MIXED DEMOCRACIES......Page 139
Is the Government Responsible to the Elected Legislature?......Page 140
Is There an Independently (Directly or Indirectly) Elected President?......Page 141
Is the Government Responsible to the President?......Page 142
MAKING AND BREAKING GOVERNMENTS: PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACIES......Page 143
The Government......Page 145
The Government Formation Process......Page 147
A Simple Model of Government Formation......Page 156
Different Types of Government......Page 161
Preelectoral Coalitions......Page 171
Duration of Governments: Formation and Survival......Page 177
MAKING AND BREAKING GOVERNMENTS:PRESIDENTIAL DEMOCRACIES......Page 186
Government Formation Process......Page 187
The Size of Presidential Cabinets......Page 188
The Composition of Presidential Cabinets......Page 190
MAKING AND BREAKING GOVERNMENTS:MIXED DEMOCRACIES......Page 192
CONCLUSION......Page 197
PROBLEMS......Page 199
CHAPTER 11: References......Page 205
Photo Credits......Page 210
Elections and Electoral Systems......Page 214
ELECTIONS: AN OVERVIEW......Page 215
MAJORITARIAN ELECTORAL SYSTEMS......Page 224
Single-Member District Plurality System......Page 225
Alternative Vote......Page 228
Two-Round Systems......Page 235
Majoritarian Electoral Systems in Multimember Districts......Page 241
PROPORTIONAL ELECTORAL SYSTEMS......Page 244
List PR Systems......Page 246
Single Transferable Vote......Page 258
Independent Mixed Electoral Systems......Page 262
Dependent Mixed Electoral Systems......Page 264
AN OVERVIEW OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AROUNDTHE WORLD......Page 268
CONCLUSION......Page 277
KEY CONCEPTS......Page 278
PROBLEMS......Page 279
CHAPTER 12: References......Page 283
Photo Credits......Page 288
Social Cleavages and Party Systems......Page 292
POLITICAL PARTIES: WHAT ARE THEY AND WHAT DO THEY DO?......Page 293
Political Parties Structure the Political World......Page 294
Recruitment and Socialization of the Political Elite......Page 295
Mobilization of the Masses......Page 297
The Link between Rulers and the Ruled......Page 298
PARTY SYSTEMS......Page 302
WHERE DO PARTIES COME FROM?......Page 310
Origins of the British Party System......Page 311
Social Cleavages......Page 313
Theorizing about Politicized Cleavages......Page 324
Social Cleavages......Page 331
Electoral Institutions......Page 333
The Mechanical Effect of Electoral Laws......Page 334
The Strategic Effect of Electoral Laws......Page 338
Summarizing Duverger’s Theory......Page 342
Evidence for Duverger’s Theory......Page 344
CONCLUSION......Page 356
PROBLEMS......Page 357
CHAPTER 13: References......Page 362
Photo Credits......Page 367
Consequences of Democratic Institutions......Page 370
Majoritarian and Consensus Visions of Democracy......Page 372
Majoritarian and Consensus Institutions......Page 376
Evaluating Majoritarian and Consensus Visions of Democracy......Page 383
THE EFFECT OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS ON FISCAL POLICY......Page 395
Economic and Cultural Determinants of Fiscal Policy......Page 398
How Electoral Laws Influence Fiscal Policy......Page 408
ELECTORAL LAWS, FEDERALISM, AND ETHNIC CONFLICT......Page 418
Ethnic Diversity and Conflict......Page 419
The Hypothesized Effect of Electoral Laws on Ethnic Conflict......Page 428
The Hypothesized Effect of Federalism......Page 433
PRESIDENTIALISM AND DEMOCRATIC SURVIVAL......Page 437
The Perils of Presidentialism......Page 438
The Difficult Combination: Presidentialism and Multipartism......Page 447
Summary......Page 455
CONCLUSION......Page 457
PROBLEMS......Page 458
CHAPTER 15: References......Page 460
Photo Credits......Page 469