International Relations: Perspectives and Controversies

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 10
Introduction: The Study of International Relations......Page 16
Part I: History and Perspectives......Page 24
Change and Continuity......Page 26
The Emergence of the Modern State System......Page 27
The Age of Absolutism and Limited War (1648–1789)......Page 31
The Age of Revolutions (1789–1914)......Page 33
The Age of Total War (1914–1945)......Page 41
The Cold War (1945–1989)......Page 47
The Post–Cold War World......Page 54
Many Questions, Even More Answers......Page 61
Realism......Page 62
Liberalism, Idealism, and Liberal Internationalism......Page 66
Marxism......Page 70
Feminism......Page 73
Constructivism......Page 78
Perspectives and Levels of Analysis......Page 79
Conclusion......Page 80
Part II: Controversies......Page 86
Key Controversy: Does International Anarchy Lead to War?......Page 88
Peace Through Strength?......Page 89
There Is No Alternative to Power Politics......Page 90
Alternatives to Power Politics......Page 97
Conclusion......Page 103
Points of View What is the Future of American Power?......Page 105
Key Controversy: Are Democracies More Peaceful?......Page 112
The Sources of Democratic Peacefulness......Page 114
Are Democracies Really Any Different?......Page 121
Empirical Fact or Definitional Artifact?......Page 123
Conclusion......Page 127
Points of View Would Democracy Bring Peace to the Middle East?......Page 129
Key Controversy: Is War Part of Human Nature?......Page 138
Aggression, Instincts, and War......Page 139
Culture, Social Learning, and War......Page 145
War Is Violence, Not “Aggression”......Page 148
Conclusion......Page 153
Points of View Are People (or Men) “Hard Wired” for War?......Page 155
Key Controversy: Does Free Trade Benefit All?......Page 163
The Liberal International Economic Order......Page 164
The Case for Free Trade......Page 165
What’s Wrong with Free Trade......Page 171
Conclusion......Page 178
Points of View Does Free Trade Hurt Americans?......Page 180
Key Controversy: What Are the Obstacles to Development?......Page 188
From Decolonization to Structural Adjustment......Page 189
The IMF and Neoliberalism......Page 192
Neoliberalism as Neoimperialism......Page 197
Conclusion......Page 202
Points of View Does Foreign Aid Promote Development?......Page 205
Key Controversy: Is Globalization a Threat to National Sovereignty?......Page 213
What Is at Stake......Page 215
The Vision of a Borderless World......Page 216
The Myth(s) of Globalization......Page 221
Conclusion......Page 226
Points of View Are Governments Losing Control?......Page 231
Key Controversy: Does International Law Matter?......Page 239
What Is International Law and Where Does It Come From?......Page 241
The Weakness of International Law......Page 243
The Enduring Value of International Law......Page 247
Conclusion......Page 254
Points of View Should the United States Accept the International Criminal Court?......Page 255
Key Controversy: Are Humanitarian Interventions Justified?......Page 264
Sovereignty and Human Rights......Page 266
The Case for Humanitarian Intervention......Page 270
The Case Against Humanitarian Intervention......Page 275
Conclusion......Page 281
Points of View Humanitarian Intervention in Myanmar/Burma?......Page 283
Key Controversy: How Dangerous Is Nuclear Proliferation?......Page 292
The Reality of Proliferation and Nonproliferation......Page 293
The Case for Limited Proliferation......Page 298
The Case for Widespread Proliferation......Page 299
The Case Against Nuclear Proliferation......Page 302
Conclusion......Page 307
Points of View Can a Nuclear Iran Be Deterred?......Page 309
Key Controversy: How Should We Respond to International Terrorism?......Page 319
Terrorism: The Definitional Angst......Page 320
The Cosmopolitan Response......Page 325
The Statist Response......Page 329
Conclusion......Page 335
Points of View Did September 11 Reflect a Clash of Civilizations?......Page 337
Key Controversy: Is the Global Commons in Danger?......Page 345
Too Many People, Too Few Resources......Page 348
A World of Plenty......Page 354
Global Problems, Global Solutions?......Page 361
Conclusion......Page 365
Points of View Where Do We Go After Kyoto?......Page 366
Index......Page 375