Towards a Social Science of Language: Papers in Honor of William Labov, Volume 2: Social Interaction and Discourse Structures

TOWARDS A SOCIAL SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE......Page 2
Editorial page
......Page 3
Title page
......Page 4
Copyright page
......Page 5
Table of contents
......Page 8
Preface......Page 10
Foreword......Page 16
Note......Page 19
I. Social Interaction and Discourse Structures......Page 20
1. Introduction......Page 22
Assumption 1. It is possible to identify linguistic structures.......Page 23
Assumption 2. Structures consist of boundaries, substructures, and their internal relations.......Page 24
3. Is Structuralism Necessary for Discourse Analysis?......Page 25
4. What Other Approaches are Possible?......Page 27
5. Unified Approach to the Analysis of Discourse......Page 31
6. Relation of Structural Units and Social Practice......Page 32
7. Future Directions for Discourse Analysis......Page 35
7.1 The extension of units......Page 37
7.2 Coherence systems and discourse presuppositions......Page 38
7.3 From social practice to discourse construction......Page 43
8. Conclusion......Page 44
References......Page 47
1. Introduction......Page 50
2. Environments of Third Turn Repair......Page 51
3. The Relevant Positioning of Third Turn Repair......Page 53
4. Differential Interactional Import......Page 55
5. An Upshot to be Drawn from Third Turn Repair......Page 56
Notes......Page 57
References......Page 59
1. Introduction......Page 60
2. Stories, Identity, and Context......Page 61
3. Conclusion......Page 69
References......Page 73
1. Introduction......Page 76
2. Data......Page 77
3. Linguistic Description of DACs......Page 82
4.1 The pronominal pattern in DACs......Page 83
4.2 Ellipsis in DACs......Page 84
4.3 The discrete identity and unremarkable nature of DAC actions......Page 85
4.4 The emergence of meaning......Page 86
5. DACs as an Evaluative Mechanism......Page 87
6. Conclusion......Page 91
Notes......Page 92
References......Page 93
1. Introduction......Page 96
2. Alternative Trajectories of Byplay......Page 98
3. Procedures for Inviting Coparticipation in Byplay......Page 105
4. Stepwise Entry of Principal Addressed Recipient and Speaker into Byplay......Page 111
5. Conclusion......Page 117
References......Page 120
1. Introduction......Page 122
2. Event Structure and Linguistic Structure......Page 125
2.1 The textual structure of horse race calls......Page 126
2.2 Selecting the variables......Page 129
2.4 Statistical analysis......Page 132
2.5 Textual structure and entropy analysis......Page 133
3. Summary and Discussion......Page 136
References......Page 138
Discourse Clues to Coded Language in an Impeachment Hearing......Page 140
1. Types of Codes......Page 141
2. Criteria for Partial and Disguised Codes......Page 142
3. The Use of Discourse Analysis in Identifying Coded Language......Page 143
4. Discourse Analysis of the Conversation......Page 146
5.2 "Going back" versus "coming back"......Page 151
5.4 "Change in plan "......Page 152
5.5 "Send stuff off"......Page 153
5.6 "Things" versus "stuff"......Page 154
6. Conclusion......Page 155
Appendix......Page 156
1. Introduction......Page 158
2. Simple Incongruity — Surprise......Page 159
3. Suls' Two-Stage Model......Page 160
4.1 Violations of salience......Page 161
4.2 Violations of the accessibility hierarchy......Page 163
4.3 Violations of parallelism......Page 165
4.4 Violations of constraints within a sublanguage......Page 166
5. The Gricean Model and Humor......Page 167
6. Conclusions......Page 168
References......Page 169
1. Introduction......Page 172
2. Enumerations and Their Levels of Analysis......Page 174
2.1 Method......Page 180
3. Relationships Among Structural Factors......Page 181
4. Relationships Among the Referential Factors......Page 184
5. Relationships Among the Interactional Factors......Page 187
6. Relationships Among the Discourse Factors......Page 192
7. Connections Among Levels......Page 195
8. A Methodological Apology......Page 198
9. Discussion......Page 200
References......Page 201
1. Introduction......Page 202
1.1 Community norms of interaction......Page 204
1.2 Ethnography of communication......Page 205
2. Conversational Cooperation......Page 208
2.1 Conversation: ESL teachers in California......Page 209
2.2 Interview: English speaking South Asians......Page 212
2.3 Group discussion: African-American teenagers......Page 216
3. Ethnicity and Discourse......Page 218
4. Social Networks......Page 219
References......Page 221
II. Language in use: Syntactic and Lexical Variation......Page 224
1. Introduction......Page 226
2. Methodology......Page 228
3.1 Grammatical category of C1......Page 229
3.2 Syntactic function of C1......Page 231
3.3 Transitivity......Page 232
4.1 Contrast......Page 234
4.2 Topical structure......Page 236
4.3 Informational status of C1......Page 238
References......Page 239
1. Introduction......Page 242
3. Syntactic Evidence......Page 243
4. A Problem with the Analysis......Page 246
5.1 'Island-amnestying ' resumptive pronoun relative clauses......Page 247
5.2 'Predicational' resumptive pronoun relative clauses......Page 248
5.3 Summary......Page 249
6.1. Yiddish......Page 250
6.2 Semitic......Page 251
7. Conclusion......Page 252
Notes......Page 253
References......Page 254
1. Introduction......Page 256
2. Data and Other Preliminary Considerations......Page 258
3. Di- and Narrative Clauses......Page 259
4. Dheweke and Subjectivity......Page 260
4.1 Lintang panjer sore — "Evening star" (Brata 1979)......Page 262
4.2 Sadulur angkat - "The adopted sibling" (Widayat 1979)......Page 265
4.3 Ulihe ing wayah sore - "Going home in the late afternoon" (Susilomurti 1979)......Page 267
4.4 Keluwargane Bu Nyai Blorong - "Mrs. Blorong's family" (Peni 1979)......Page 270
5. Conclusion......Page 274
Notes......Page 275
References......Page 277
1. Introduction......Page 278
1.1 Definitions......Page 279
1.2 Typology and incorporation patterns......Page 280
2.1 Incorporations with Finnish as ML and Swedish as EL......Page 283
2.2 Incorporations from English (EL) into Swedish (ML)......Page 286
2.3 Incorporations with Sango as ML and French as EL......Page 290
2.4 Summary of finding s......Page 295
3. Discussion......Page 296
3.1 Finnish in Sweden......Page 298
3.2 Americans in Göteborg......Page 299
3.3 Sango-French bilinguals in CAR......Page 300
References......Page 302
1. Introduction......Page 304
2. French-English Contact along the Quebec-Ontario Border......Page 306
3. The French Subjunctive: A Candidate for Contact-Induced Change?......Page 307
4. The Social Conditioning of Mood Choice......Page 311
4.1 The lexical effect on social distribution......Page 312
4.2 Factoring out the lexical effect......Page 314
5. Subjunctive Usage under Non-verbal Matrices......Page 315
6. Summary and Discussion......Page 319
6.1 Interpreting the effects of uneven distribution......Page 322
6.3 Implications for a theory of convergence......Page 323
Notes......Page 326
References......Page 327
1. Introductory Remarks......Page 330
2. The General Issues at Stake......Page 332
3. Human/Inanimate Polarization of the Swahili Object Marker......Page 334
4.1 Early anaphoric and contextual topicality properties of the OM......Page 337
4.2 OM evolution in the VO context......Page 341
4.3 Absence of inanimate independent pronouns in Swahili discourse......Page 343
4.4 Inherent topicality as a factor in OM selection in multiple object contexts......Page 344
5.1 The historical samples used in the Varbrul analyses......Page 346
5.2 Factor groups used in the Varbrul analyses......Page 347
5.3 Results of the Varbrul analyses......Page 349
6. Concluding Remarks......Page 352
References......Page 355
Articles......Page 358
Translations......Page 366
Published Interviews......Page 371
Index......Page 372