Learning from failure: long-term behaviour of heavy masonry structures

Title Page\r......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 7
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 14
1.1 Introduction......Page 16
1.2 The collapse of the Civic Tower of Pavia: search for the cause......Page 17
1.3 Long-term behaviour of masonry structures......Page 27
1.4 Collapse and damage of towers due to long-term heavy loads......Page 31
1.5 The role of investigation on the interpretation of the damage causes......Page 32
1.6 Comparison between the two towers......Page 40
1.7 Conclusions......Page 41
2.1 Introduction......Page 44
2.2 Tests on the masonry of the Civic Tower of Pavia......Page 46
2.3 Tests on the masonry of the crypt of the Cathedral of Monza......Page 57
2.4 Comments......Page 67
3.1 Introduction......Page 72
3.2 Short-term compression: failure analysis and collapse prediction using numerical simulations......Page 73
3.3 Long-term compression: experimental assessment......Page 81
3.4 Conclusions and future work......Page 93
4.1 Introduction......Page 98
4.2 The step-by-step in time approach to modeling time-dependent effects......Page 99
4.3 Case 1: An axially loaded column......Page 100
4.4 Case 2: Composite structural element subject to bending......Page 107
4.5 New mathematical approaches to modeling creep......Page 118
4.6 Discussion......Page 119
4.7 Conclusions......Page 120
5.2 The collapse and the decision for reconstruction......Page 124
5.3 On-site investigation on the remaining parts of the collapsed pillars......Page 125
6.2 Monitoring and long-term damage......Page 140
6.3 Role of monitoring in the study of ancient constructions......Page 142
6.4 Monitoring: methodology and requirements......Page 143
6.5 Measuring damage and deformation related to historical or long-term processes......Page 148
6.6 Structural modelling and monitoring......Page 155
6.7 Case studies......Page 156
6.8 Conclusions......Page 166
7.1 Introduction......Page 168
7.2  A continuum damage model for masonry creep......Page 169
7.3 Structural analyses of two masonry towers......Page 181
7.4 Remarks and future perspectives......Page 186
8.1 Introduction......Page 190
8.2 The bed reinforcement technique......Page 191
8.3 The experimental campaigns......Page 193
8.4 Case studies......Page 212
8.5 Final remarks......Page 216
9.2 The safety of ancient towers......Page 220
9.3 A probabilistic model for the assessment of historic buildings......Page 225
9.4 Fragility curves from the experimental data......Page 230
9.5 Application to the bell-tower of Monza......Page 234
9.6 Conclusions......Page 236
Conclusions......Page 240